ملخص الدرس / الأولى ثانوي/اللغة الإنجليزية/UNIT 1/Intercultural Exchanges

The letter of apology starts with :

Iam writting to apologyze for my son's misbehaviour.

Iam sorry for Bills misbehaviour 

Definition: to tell someone that you are sorry that you have done something wrong.to apologyse 

ex:

You must apologize to the teacher for being late.

An invitation starts with:

Mr and Mes Brighhton would like to you attend the wedding part of thrir daughter Helen.

We'll be pleased to see you at the party we'll organize on satuday-evening from 8p.m  to 6 A.M.

Iam writting to enquire about the trip to turky.

A letter of application:

I am writting to complain about the bad treatment that my daughter experienced in your class.

To inquire /enquire about something:

Definition : to inquire about to ask for information .

Exemple: 

She would like to inquire about the flights to London.

Iam writing to inquire about your advertisement in the Times.

I am writting to complain about the bad treatment that my daughter experienced in your class.

To apply to a university /a company for a place or a job.

definition: To apply to make a formal request, usally written for something such as a job, a place in a university to do something. 

Exemple: Iapplied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.

He is planning to apply to a businness company for a job.

definition: to complalin to say that you are annoyed .not satisfied or  unhappy about someone or something.

exemple: Workers complained about working conditions.

he complained to the police about the noise.

rules to keep in mind:some verbs are always followed by one or two prepositions.

we must learn them. 

Rules to keep in mined 

some vrbs always followed by one two preposition .

We must learn them!:

to apologize /apologise to someone for something/ doing something.

to inquir/ enquire about something.

to apply to a university/ a company for aplace or a job.

to complain to someone about somebody/ something.

We use both...and ....., neither ...nor...and either...or ... to talk about two things.

We can also use both of..., neither of...and either of....when we use of  we always need the these,  those, my, your , them ,us, etc.

We can descibe shape and coulour in three different ways.look at these examples: 

it is square→ it is square in shape→it is shape in square.

it is yellow→ it is yellow in colour→ it's colour is yellow.

Snail mail is a slang term for the regular postal service. It consists in the distribution of ordinary letters that require envelopes and stamps. They are not delivered on the same day. It takes them two days or a month to be delivered to their receivers.

DÉFINITION:

E-mail or electronic mail is the system that allows us to send and receive messages by computer The message sent from an e-mail account is also called an e-mail.

Learn:

We use adjectives to compare email and snail mail, Some people think that email is convenient, inexpensive and rapid, while others believe that snail mail is personal and exciting.

DÉFINITION:

The synonyms: convenient = practical

The opposites: convenient # inconvenient

EXEMPLES:

Mail-order catalogs are a convenient way to shop.

DÉFINITION:

The synonyms: inexpensive = cheap

The opposites: inexpensive # expensive

EXEMPLES:

Some people believe that snail mail is more expensive than e-mail.

DÉFINITION::

The synonyms :rapid = fast

The opposites :rapid # slow

EXEMPLES:

Snail mail is slow, while e-mail is rapid.

The synonyms: personal = private

The opposites: personal # public

EXEMPLES:

People don't like using e-mail because it is not as personal as snail.

The synonyms: interesting= exciting

The opposites: interesting # boring

EXEMPLES:

Many people think that snail mail is more interesting than e-mail.

Keep in mind:

The synonyms:

 convenient = practical 

cheap = inexpensive 

rapid = slow

The opposites:

personal # public 

convenient # inconvenient 

cheap # expensive

 The opposites:

 personal # public 

convenient # inconvenient 

cheap # expensive

We add the prefix "in" to some adjectives to form their opposites

EXEMPLES:

capable # incapable

 efficient # inefficient

 expensive # inexpensive

It is an argumentative text because the author wants to persuade potential buyers that ECOCLEAN is a ‘green’ product.

When talking about objects animals or ideas, we can sometimes use 'which to join two sentences. Which' always refers to the noun which it follows, and it can replace personal pronouns 'it', 'they' and 'them

Example:

One of these books is Oliver Twist. Dickens published it in 1836.

One of these books is Oliver Twist, which Dickens published in 1836.

When talking about people, we can sometimes use 'who' to join two sentences. Who' can replace personal pronouns subject 'he', 'she' and 'they'.

Example:

Charles Dickens' father was a clerk. He worked for the navy.

Charles Dickens' father was a clerk, who worked for the navy

When talking about people, we can also use 'whom to join two sentences. 'Whom can replace personal pronouns object ‘him', 'her' and 'them'.

Example: He experienced the life of exploited children.

He portrayed them in his books.

He experienced the life of exploited children whom he portrayed in his books.

Reflexive pronouns are used with some verbs in English when the object of the verb is the same as the subject.

Example: I have to introduce myself.